El Condicional:
el tiempo de la fantasía
|
| Imagínate.....(jot
down a few ideas for each of the following- for now, just use the infinitives
of the verbs to tell about what you would do.) |
What would you do if....
-
...the school year ended today? Where would you go?
With whom? What would you do?
-
...you could spend the day with anyone famous- from the past
or present? Who would you spend the day with? What would you
do? Where would you go? What would you do?
-
...you could live anywhere in the world? Where would
you live? With whom? What would your house be like?
-
...you saw a crime being committed?
-
...you just won a few million dollars?
In order to answer all of the above questions correctly
in español, you would have to use the "conditional" tense, or as
I like to refer to it, the tiempo de la fantasía. I think
it's the funnest tense to use, because it requires you to use your imagination
and your powers of fantasy. It is also one of the easier tenses to
learn, so ...
¡empecemos a aprenderlo!
The conditional tense is formed like the future tense.
I tell you this because you have either used the future tense and will
have some information/experience to draw from, or you will be able to use
this information when you eventually do study the future. The rules
of conjugation are simple.
-
Start with the infinitive- and don't
drop the ending! (trabajar, beber, abrir)
-
Add the following endings- regardless
orf whether the verb is "AR", "ER" or "IR"-
|
Sujeto
|
terminación
|
|
yo
|
ía
|
|
tú
|
ías
|
|
él/ella/Ud.
|
ía
|
|
nosotros
|
íamos
|
|
vosotros
|
íais
|
|
ellos/ ellas/Uds.
|
ían
|
To pronounce this, think "diarrhea". I know this is
a little strange, but it works. Read these out loud: (Sugestión:
Stand up when you say these, and rise up on your toes as you pronounce
the accented "í" in each word.)
hablaría, comería, viviría,
escucharía, estaría, bebería, amaría
Now do the same for the nosotros form of each verb- remember to stress
the "í" Think: "diarrhea+mos"
hablaríamos, comeríamos, viviríamos,
escucharíamos, estaríamos, beberíamos, amaríamos
Ahora, let's try a few, just to make sure you understand
how this works.
En tu hoja de papel, apunta la forma correcta del verbo
indicado en el tiempo del condicional
-
Yo (llamar) los bomberos si viera un incendio.
-
Ellos me (invitar) si tuvieran una fiesta.
-
Nosotros (ir) si tuviéramos el dinero.
-
Ella lo (leer) si tuviera la oportunidad.
-
¿(Trabajar) tú en aquella tienda si te pagaran
bastante?
Verifica
tus respuestas
Verbos irregulares
The following verbs are irregular in the condicional (and
the futuro, también). They do not use the infinitive as the
root, but rather the root as noted. The endings are "regular" (ía,
ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían).
|
Verbo
|
Root for condicional (& futuro también)
|
|
caber
|
cabr-
|
|
decir
|
dir-
|
|
haber*
|
habr-
|
|
hacer
|
har-
|
|
poder
|
podr-
|
|
poner
|
pondr-
|
|
querer
|
querr-
|
|
saber
|
sabr-
|
|
salir
|
saldr-
|
|
tener
|
tendr-
|
|
valer
|
valdr-
|
|
venir
|
vendr-
|
You got it. Just add the ending to the root in
the second column. ¿Facil? ¿No?
* Haber has two meanings: 1) "have" in perfect
tenses- I have (had, will have, would have, etc.) eaten, and 2) there is/
are (was/were, would be, will be, etc.)
Also note- compound verbs with these roots are irregular,
too. (maldecr= maldir-; mantener=mantendr-; prevenir=prevendr-, etc.)
Of course you have to practice these. Answer the questions
with a complete sentence.
-
If you knew a secret about a friend, ¿Lo dirías
a otros amigos?
-
If you had a beer in school, ¿Dónde
la pondrías?
-
If your teacher gave out a massive xtra credit assignment,
¿Lo harías?
-
If someone you didn't like invited you to do something
you really want to do, but couldn't do otherwise, ¿Saldrías?
Selecciones múltiples:
Choose which activity would be done, and write the
answer in a complete sentence, using the conditional tense- what you would
do. Prepárate para explicar tus respuestas. We'll have
a conversación.
Estás en una tienda y necesitas algo pero no puedes
encontrarlo. ¿Qué harías?
-
buscar al dependiente
-
salir sin comprarlo
Estamos en el cine y alguien grita «¡fuego!».
¿Qué harías?
-
salir corriendo
-
llamar a los bomberos con teléfono de mano
Los niños están muy sucios y necesitan un baño,
pero no hay agua caliente. ¿Qué harías?
-
los bañar en agua fría
-
los acostar sin bañarlos
Hay un examen muy importante mañana y un amigo tiene
una copia de él. ¿Qué harías?
Algo más serio: Acabas de saber que un/a amigo/a está
pensando en traer una pistola a la escuela. ¿Qué
harías?
-
lo decir a un adulto,
-
solamente hablar con él
Un/a amigo/a tuyo/a está en una relación abusiva,
¿Qué harías?
-
hablar con un adulto
-
hablar con ella
Ves un billete de $5 en la acera, ¿Qué harías?
So now you know how to form this fun tense. Go
back to the beginning of this page, and review those opening questions.
Write out your answers completely now, We'll use them for a discussion
in class.
Some other places to go for practice with this fantasy
tense.
Vuelos
de fantasía
Situaciones
en el coche
Directed
Responses- condicional (AP Preparation)
respuestas - llamaría, invitarían, iríamos,
leería, Trabajarías